Lesson 12 - Grammar 1 + 2

LET'S LEARN BASICS OF KOREAN LANGUAGE!

Grammar 1 이/가


주격 조사. 명사 뒤에 봍어서 주어를 나타내는 조사로는 '-께서, -(에)서' 등이더 있다.
[Subject particle. Particles which come after a noun shows 'subject' are: -께서, -(에)서, etc.]

1. "-이" --> 선행 명사가 자음으로 끝날 때
: When the noun ends in a consonant.. add 이
2. "-가" --> 선행 명사가 모음으로 끝날 때
: When the noun ends in a vowel.. add 가

보기~ 1. 책상: 책상 + 이 --> 책상이
2. 사과: 사과 +가 --> 사과가

참고 '나, 너, 저, 누구' 뒤에 붙으면 '내가, 네가, 제가, 누가'로 된다.
When 이/가 is attached at the end of '나, 너, 저, and 누구,' the words change into '내가, 네가, 제가, and 누가.'
내가 가요. 네가 갔니? 제가 가겠습니다. 누가 갑니까?

예문~ .연필이 있습니다. There is a pencil.
. 안경이 없습니다. There is not a pair of glasses.
. 시계가 비쌉니다. The watch is expensive.
. 딸기가 맛있습니다. The strawberry is delicious.

 

Grammar 2 을/를

조사. 명사에 붙어서 동사의 '목적어'를 나타낸다.
[Object particle. Comes after a noun and shows the "object" of the verb.]

1. "-을" --> 자음으로 끝나는 명사일 때: When the noun ends in a consonant.. add 을
2. "-를" --> 모음으로 끝나는 명사일 때: When the noun ends in a vowel.. add 를

보기~ 1. 책: 책 + 을 --> 책을
2. 교과서: 교과서 + 를 --> 교과서를

참고~ 구어에서는 생략되거나 모음 뒤에서 '-ㄹ'만으로 줄여 쓰기도 한다.
[ In spoken language, it may be omitted or abbreviated into '-ㄹ' after a vowel.
영화를 보고 커피를 마셨어요. --> "영활 보고 커필 마셨어요."

예문~ . 신문을 봅니다. I read a newspaper.
. 커피를 마십니다. I drink a cup of coffee.
. 수영을 합니다. I swim.
. 자우개를 삽니다. I buy an eraser.

 

consonants.jpg

vowels.jpg

Rules:
01. If a character has a romanization with letters separated by an "/", that is what the letter should be romanized as the final letter when found at the end of a syllable. Example: 밥 (rice) would be bap. 02. When ㅅ is followed directly by ㅣ, it should be romanized as shi. Example: 다시 (again) would be dashi.
03. To avoid confusion of syllables, a hyphen can be used. Example: 후에 (after) would be hu-e.
04. When ㄱ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅂ are found directly before vowel, they are romanized as g, d, r, b.
05. When ㄱ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅂ are found directly before a consonant, they should be romanized as k, t, r, p.

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Comments

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HanNah28
#1
Chapter 10: nim means big in korean(means great when used after nouns). It is used to praise and cherish people but very politely
wildgreentree
#2
Chapter 7: I was taking a Korean Language Classes from a Korean Teacher and it is not as simple as learning English. Different vowels and consonants plus the double and aspirated sounds are really difficult to pronounce precisely. Not to mention the levels of honorifics. I somewhat think if you're a fluent Chinese Language Speaker it's a good head-start. But my teacher said," Great time, devotion, determinant and bravery is needed to master the language. It's not a short term thing to be done."
Dohyeonju
#3
Chapter 16: 대박... :)...
NightLess
#4
I want to learn more words! And sentences you can use. Do. Think you can put common sentences and words and phrases? Kamsamnida Songsaenim!
K3U_minwoo
#5
can I ask ?
can you already compose some sentences in Korean ?
and can you already understand Korean (both when they are speaking and in reading ) ahehehe ^^ sorry If I have lots of question ^^"
I'm just curious ^^
heyMrSimple #6
Thanks for making thissssss...
Its really a big help! ♥
hyo_jinki
#7
thank you so much for making this. ^^
its_chanyorr #8
Skipped the hangul part cos I'm good with that and went straight to the others...
Thanks for making this!!! :D
shineexsmxfamily #9
oh thanks
shineexsmxfamily #10
you said songsaengnim is for teacher right? but why do i hear some Koreans calling doctors songsaengnim also?im confused..
and I once read that you add -nim as a way of respecting that person am i right?or not?