Lesson 1: Nice to meet you 반갑습니다 - Part 1

1. Important pronunciation rules

1) Voiced consonants: when the consonants ㄱ, ㄷ and ㅂ are written between vowels or are behind the consonants ㅁ, ㄴ, ㄹ & ㅇ then ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ are voiced pronounced

voiced ㄱbetween vowels & behind ㅁ, ㄴ, ㄹ& ㅇ (examples: 아기, 한국 )

voiced ㄷbetween vowels & behind ㅁ, ㄴ, ㄹ& ㅇ (examples: 가다, 살다 )

voiced ㅂbetween vowels & behindㅁ, ㄴ, ㄹ& ㅇ (examples: 이분, 일본 )

2) Pronunciation of ㄹ:

between vowels and in front of ㅎit's pronounced as 'r'; besides that it's pronounced as 'l' (examples: 사람, 그래요, 이름, 일하다, 말하다, 물론, 일, 말 )

after ㅇ it's pronounced as 'n' (examples: 직장동료, 대통령, 종로 )

when ㄴ and ㄹ come together, no matter which order it's pronounced with ㄹ ㄹ (examples: 신라, 전라, 한라, 팔년 )

3) Liaison:

the consonantal final sound of a syllable will be pulled over to the following syllable with a vocal initial sound. [The pronunciation will be added in squared bracket.]

examples: 독일 [도길], 책을 [채글], 이분이 [이부니], 있어요 [이써요]

4) ㅂin front of ㄴis pronounced as ㅁ:

examples: 반갑습니다, 입니다, 감사합니다

5) Reduction of consonants at the end of the word:

teduction of consonants to 'k', 't', 'p' at the end of the word and before consonants. The reduced consonants will be acticulated in a weak way.

to 'k': 덕 , 녘 , 밖 , 읽다 , 삯

to 't': 곧 , 밭 , 빚 , 꽃 , 것 , 있다

to 'p': 집 , 잎 , 밟다 , 읊다 , 값 , 없다

6) Enhancement:

ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂat the final soundㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂand ㅅ, ㅈat the initial of the following syllable will be increased articulated. This often happens also after ㅁ, ㄴ, ㄹ, ㅇand ㅎ.

Examples: 식당 , 백반 , 믿다 , 십분 , 점수 , 한자 , 글자 , 좋습니다

7) Special feature of the consonant ㅎ:

weakened articulation of the consonant ㅎ when it's between ㅁ, ㄴ, ㄹ, ㅇand between vowels. (Examples: 전화 , 많이 , 열심히 , 일하다 , 말하다 , 명합 , 좋아요)

you don't articulate the ㅎ when it's in front of a consonant; that causes an aspiration of the following consonant. (Examples: 좋다 , 좋고 , 좋지만 , 많다 , 많지만 )

8) Slurring consonants when:

the syllable's final sound is a consonant and the following syllable starts with a consonant → this reduction of consonants at the end of a word is frequently but regular

Syllable's final sound

In front of ㄴ

In front of ㄹ

In front of ㅁ

In front of ㅅ

Word's End

ㄱㄲㅋ

-ng n-

-ng n-

-ng m-

-k ss-

-k

ㄴ

-n n-

-l l-

-n m-

-n s-

-n

ㄷㅌ ㅅㅆ ㅈㅊ

-n n-

-n n-

-m m-

-s s-

-t

ㄹ

-l l-

-l l-

-l m-

-l s-

-l

ㅁ

-m n-

-m n-

-m m-

-m s-

-m

ㅂㅃㅍ

-m n-

-m n-

-m m-

-p ss-

-p

ㅇ

-ng n-

-ng n-

-ng m-

-ng ss-

-ng

ㅎ

-n n-

-h r-

-m m-

-s s-

---

2. Dialog

A: 안녕하세요 ? 얜디예요. 이름이 뭐예요 ?

B: 용운이에요.

A: 용운 씨, 한국 사람이에요 ?

B: 네, 한국 사람이에요.

A: 저는 미국 사람이에요.

B: 아, 그래요 ? 반갑습니다.

2. Vocabulary

Note: please try to learn reading the characters instead of the transcription (I will only add it at the beginning)!

Vocabulary 단어:

Korean

RR

Grammatical Terms**

English

반갑다

bangapda

cv

to be encouraged; to be pleased

안녕하다

annyeonghada

cv

to be balanced; to be calm; to be peaceful

이름

ireum

n

name

무엇 (> 뭐 )

mueot (> mwo*)

*w is speechless (= mo)

qp/n

what

N 이다

N ida

kv

to be N

Nvo 예요

Nvo yeyo

kv

informal ending of N이다 [see grammar]

사람

saram

n

person; man; human

씨

ssi

n

Mr.; Mrs; Ms

(address for men & women)

네

ne

inter

yes

저는

jeoneun

n+ma

I; me + theme marker
[see grammar]

저

jeo

n

I; me

Phrases 표현:

Korean

RR

English

반갑습니다.

bangabseumnida

„Nice to meet you.“

안녕하세요?

annyeonghaseyo

„Hello!“
(literally: „Are you balanced?“)

이름이 뭐예요?