Up till now we've been working with simple Hangul blocks with exactly one consonant and one vowel (though the place-holder isn't really a consonant). And as you know, depending on whether the vowel has a long vertical or horizontal line, the Hangul block will be split left-to-right or top-to-bottom:
 

HorizontalVertical으 이

 

Pat'chim (받침)

A Hangul syllable can have a 2nd Consonant after the vowel. This 2nd consonant is known as Pat'chim (받침) and it behaves differently from an initial consonant as you will learn a little later. The Pat'chim is always written below the Initial Consonant and Vowel.
 

Pat'chim Examples김, 는, 원, 녕

Examples explained:

김 (kim) - The top is "ki" with "m" at the bottom 는 (neun) - Read from top to bottom this is "n-eu-n" 원 (weon) - Place-holder + "weo" with "n" at the bottom 녕 (nyeong) - Place-holder is actually pronounced "ng" as a Pat'chim Place-holder as pat'chim

Remember the unpronounced place-holder consonant? Isn't it depressing to just be an unvoiced initial consonant? Well don't worry!! When the place-holder consonant is a Pat'chim it actually has a pronunciation.

ang (앙)

Sounds like: the "ng" in bang.
Transliteration: ng
 

ang (앙)앙

So in this example the Initial Consonant is the place-holder consonant and has no sound, but for Pat'chim the place-holder is actually "ng" and pronounced.
 

Rule 1: Pat'chim swallowing

A consonant pronounced as a Pat'chi